A condition characterized by a cluster of dwarf shoots on affected twigs is called?

The condition characterized by a cluster of dwarf shoots on affected twigs is known as witch's broom. This phenomenon occurs when the growth of shoots is stimulated beyond typical limits, often as a result of infection by pathogens, environmental stress, or other factors. The term "witch's broom" specifically describes the appearance of these abnormal growths, resembling a broom, which can obscure the normal growth pattern of the plant.

This condition is significant in arboriculture and forestry because it can affect the health and structural integrity of trees and shrubs. Understanding witch’s broom is essential for arborists as it may indicate underlying issues that need to be addressed, such as pest infestations or diseases.

The other options represent different conditions: galls are usually caused by specific insects or fungi creating abnormal growths on plants; chlorosis refers to yellowing of plant leaves due to nutrient deficiencies or other stress factors; while stunting describes a general reduction in plant growth. None of these accurately describe the specific phenomenon of clustered dwarf shoots found in witch's broom.