What are trees that lose their leaves in autumn called?

Trees that lose their leaves in autumn are referred to as deciduous trees. This characteristic is a crucial adaptation for many species, particularly in temperate climates. By shedding their leaves in the fall, these trees reduce water loss and protect themselves from the stress of winter conditions, where the cold can hinder water uptake.

Deciduous trees undergo a process called abscission, where layers of cells form at the base of the leaf stem, leading to the leaves' eventual drop. This process allows the tree to conserve resources during the winter months when conditions are not ideal for photosynthesis.

In contrast, evergreen trees maintain their foliage throughout the year, often modified to withstand harsh environments but do not exhibit the leaf drop characteristic of deciduous species. Coniferous trees, which fall under the category of evergreens, typically have needle-like leaves that can also persist through winter. Palms, primarily tropical plants, have a different growth habit and do not shed their leaves seasonally like deciduous trees. Understanding these classifications helps in identifying tree species and their behaviors in different climates.