What does the mortality spiral in plants refer to?

The concept of the mortality spiral in plants specifically refers to the cumulative effects of stress that lead to a gradual decline in the health of the plant over time. This phenomenon typically begins when a plant experiences stressors, such as environmental factors (drought, flooding, or temperature extremes), pest infestations, or disease.

As these stressors accumulate, the plant's ability to recover diminishes, making it increasingly vulnerable to further stress. This can create a downward spiral where each additional stressor exacerbates existing issues, which can result in reduced growth, weakened resistance to pests and diseases, and ultimately, mortality. Understanding this process is crucial for arborists and tree care professionals, as it highlights the importance of early intervention and management strategies to help mitigate stressors and improve plant health.