What is the chemical inhibition of growth and development of one plant to another called?

The chemical inhibition of growth and development of one plant to another is termed allelopathy. This phenomenon occurs when certain plants release biochemicals into the environment that can suppress the germination and growth of neighboring plants. These allelochemicals may be released through various means, such as leaching from plant leaves, root exudates, or decomposition of plant materials.

Allelopathy is an important ecological interaction that can influence plant community structure and diversity, benefitting some plants while hindering others. It is significant in agricultural practices and forestry, as understanding these interactions can help manage crop competition and improve yield.

In contrast, mycorrhiza refers to the symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant roots, which enhances nutrient uptake. Ecosystem disruption generally refers to broader impacts on biodiversity and ecological balance, while photosynthetic inhibition usually pertains to processes that negatively affect the photosynthesis of plants rather than inter-plant chemical interactions.