What type of trees are characterized by the shedding of their leaves?

Deciduous trees are known for their seasonal shedding of leaves, typically in the autumn, as a strategy to conserve water and energy during unfavorable conditions such as winter. This phenomenon is part of the natural cycle that allows these trees to survive in a variety of climates, especially those with distinct seasonal changes.

In contrast, coniferous trees, which generally retain their needle-like leaves year-round, are adapted to different ecological niches. Evergreens, by definition, maintain their foliage throughout the year. Perennials refer to a broader category of plants that live for several years, which can include various types of trees, but does not specifically pertain to leaf shedding. Thus, the term 'deciduous' specifically identifies trees that undergo this leaf shedding process, making it the correct choice.